272 lines
8.9 KiB
Markdown
272 lines
8.9 KiB
Markdown
# DI-002: Modelo de Dominio
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**Proyecto:** Sistema de Registro de Estudiantes
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**Fecha:** 2026-01-07
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---
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## 1. Diagrama de Entidades
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```
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┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────────┐
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│ PROFESSOR │ │ STUDENT │
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├─────────────────┤ ├─────────────────────────┤
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│ Id: int (PK) │ │ Id: int (PK) │
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│ Name: string │ │ Name: string │
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└────────┬────────┘ │ Email: Email │
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│ │ ActivationCodeHash? │ ← Nuevo
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│ 1:2 │ ActivationExpiresAt? │ ← Nuevo
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▼ │ IsActivated (computed) │ ← Nuevo
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┌─────────────────┐ │ RowVersion │
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│ SUBJECT │ └────────┬────────────────┘
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├─────────────────┤ │
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│ Id: int (PK) │ │ 0..3
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│ Name: string │ ▼
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│ Credits: 3 │ ┌─────────────────┐
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│ ProfessorId: FK │◄──────│ ENROLLMENT │
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└─────────────────┘ 1:N ├─────────────────┤
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│ Id: int (PK) │
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┌─────────────────┐ │ StudentId: FK │
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│ USER │ │ SubjectId: FK │
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├─────────────────┤ │ EnrolledAt │
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│ Id: int (PK) │ └─────────────────┘
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│ Username │
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│ PasswordHash │
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│ RecoveryCodeHash│
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│ Role (Admin/ │
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│ Student) │
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│ StudentId?: FK │───────► 0..1 Student
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│ CreatedAt │
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│ LastLoginAt? │
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└─────────────────┘
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```
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---
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## 2. Entidades
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### Student (Aggregate Root)
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```csharp
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public class Student
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{
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public const int MaxEnrollments = 3;
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public int Id { get; private set; }
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public string Name { get; private set; }
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public Email Email { get; private set; }
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// Campos de Activación (nuevo flujo)
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public string? ActivationCodeHash { get; private set; }
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public DateTime? ActivationExpiresAt { get; private set; }
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public bool IsActivated => ActivationCodeHash == null;
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private readonly List<Enrollment> _enrollments = new();
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public IReadOnlyCollection<Enrollment> Enrollments => _enrollments;
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public int TotalCredits => _enrollments.Count * 3;
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public void Enroll(Subject subject, IEnrollmentPolicy policy)
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{
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policy.Validate(this, subject);
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_enrollments.Add(new Enrollment(this, subject));
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}
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public void Unenroll(int subjectId)
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{
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var enrollment = _enrollments.FirstOrDefault(e => e.SubjectId == subjectId);
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if (enrollment != null) _enrollments.Remove(enrollment);
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}
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// Métodos de activación
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public void SetActivationCode(string codeHash, TimeSpan expiresIn)
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{
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ActivationCodeHash = codeHash;
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ActivationExpiresAt = DateTime.UtcNow.Add(expiresIn);
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}
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public void ClearActivationCode()
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{
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ActivationCodeHash = null;
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ActivationExpiresAt = null;
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}
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public bool IsActivationExpired() =>
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ActivationExpiresAt.HasValue && DateTime.UtcNow > ActivationExpiresAt.Value;
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}
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```
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### User (Autenticación)
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```csharp
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public class User
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{
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public int Id { get; private set; }
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public string Username { get; private set; } // Almacenado en minúsculas
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public string PasswordHash { get; private set; } // PBKDF2-SHA256
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public string RecoveryCodeHash { get; private set; }
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public string Role { get; private set; } // "Admin" | "Student"
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public int? StudentId { get; private set; } // FK opcional a Student
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public DateTime CreatedAt { get; private set; }
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public DateTime? LastLoginAt { get; private set; }
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public Student? Student { get; private set; } // Navegación
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}
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```
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### Subject
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```csharp
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public class Subject
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{
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public int Id { get; private set; }
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public string Name { get; private set; }
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public int Credits { get; } = 3; // Constante: RN-002
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public int ProfessorId { get; private set; }
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public Professor Professor { get; private set; }
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}
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```
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### Professor
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```csharp
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public class Professor
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{
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public int Id { get; private set; }
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public string Name { get; private set; }
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private readonly List<Subject> _subjects = new();
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public IReadOnlyCollection<Subject> Subjects => _subjects;
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}
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```
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### Enrollment
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```csharp
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public class Enrollment
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{
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public int Id { get; private set; }
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public int StudentId { get; private set; }
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public int SubjectId { get; private set; }
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public DateTime EnrolledAt { get; private set; }
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public Student Student { get; private set; }
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public Subject Subject { get; private set; }
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}
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```
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---
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## 3. Value Objects
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### Email
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```csharp
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public record Email
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{
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public string Value { get; }
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private Email(string value) => Value = value;
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public static Result<Email> Create(string email)
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{
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if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(email))
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return Result.Failure<Email>("Email requerido");
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if (!Regex.IsMatch(email, @"^[^@\s]+@[^@\s]+\.[^@\s]+$"))
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return Result.Failure<Email>("Formato de email inválido");
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return Result.Success(new Email(email.ToLowerInvariant()));
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}
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}
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```
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---
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## 4. Domain Service
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### EnrollmentDomainService (Implementa RN-003 y RN-005)
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```csharp
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public class EnrollmentDomainService : IEnrollmentPolicy
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{
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public void Validate(Student student, Subject newSubject)
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{
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// RN-003: Máximo 3 materias
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if (student.Enrollments.Count >= 3)
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throw new MaxEnrollmentsExceededException(student.Id);
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// RN-005: No repetir profesor
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var professorIds = student.Enrollments
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.Select(e => e.Subject.ProfessorId)
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.ToHashSet();
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if (professorIds.Contains(newSubject.ProfessorId))
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throw new SameProfessorConstraintException(
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student.Id,
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newSubject.ProfessorId);
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}
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}
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```
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---
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## 5. Excepciones de Dominio
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```csharp
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public class MaxEnrollmentsExceededException : DomainException
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{
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public MaxEnrollmentsExceededException(int studentId)
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: base($"Estudiante {studentId} ya tiene 3 materias inscritas") { }
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}
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public class SameProfessorConstraintException : DomainException
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{
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public SameProfessorConstraintException(int studentId, int professorId)
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: base($"Estudiante {studentId} ya tiene materia con profesor {professorId}") { }
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}
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```
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---
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## 6. Invariantes del Dominio
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| Invariante | Entidad | Validación |
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|------------|---------|------------|
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| Email único | Student | DB Constraint + Validator |
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| Email válido | Student | Value Object |
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| Max 3 inscripciones | Student | Domain Service |
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| No repetir profesor | Student | Domain Service |
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| 3 créditos/materia | Subject | Constante |
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| 2 materias/profesor | Professor | Seed Data |
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| Username único | User | DB Constraint |
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| Código activación expira | Student | ActivationExpiresAt |
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| Student ↔ User (1:0..1) | User | StudentId nullable |
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---
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## 7. Flujo de Activación
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```
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┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐
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│ ADMIN │ │ STUDENT │ │ USER │
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│ (creates) │───►│ (pending) │ │ (not yet) │
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└──────────────┘ └──────┬───────┘ └──────────────┘
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│
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SetActivationCode()
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│
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▼
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┌──────────────┐
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│ STUDENT │
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│ (has code) │
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└──────┬───────┘
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│
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Activate(username, password)
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│
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▼
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┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐
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│ ADMIN │ │ STUDENT │◄───│ USER │
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│ (creates) │ │ (activated) │ │ StudentId=X │
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└──────────────┘ └──────────────┘ └──────────────┘
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```
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